Introduction:
On this day, the world population is 8 billion, of which 6,78,999 villages, 5,165 cities, 5,570 tehsils, 595 districts, 7 union territories and 25 major and small states have an area of 1.25 billion. For marketing, people represent the market. These 1.234 billion people depend on marketing system and are engaged in direct or indirect marketing.
These customers of the economy represent the customers; The production wheel, on the other hand, relies on marketing to push its products and services to those who need them and are ready to pay, with manufacturers and manufacturers of products and services.
It is a marketing belt that combines these wheels of production and consumption for mutual benefit. It is that industrial and manufacturing activities have no meaning unless their production is mutually acceptable or exchange of money for buyer or seller.
That is, production and production is one thing and marketing is another thing. He has no intention of keeping himself. For that reason, marketing is considered more important than production because it gives the economy engine a kick-start.
As to the role of the subject, this topic is being discussed in detail. The module concludes with a module based question and a module based case study.
Marketing, Marketing and Marketing Management:
In order to understand the exact meaning and status of marketing management in the present world, it is necessary to understand the meaning and its meaning of the words ‘market’ and ‘marketing’. Thus, these three closely related terms are explained below.
Definition – What is the market?
The word ‘market’ derives from the Latin word ‘mercatas’, meaning’ goods’, ‘goods’,’ wire traffic ‘or’ a place where trade is conducted from the general public, the word ‘market’ in one place. stands for. Products and individuals are physically present. For that that market is ‘market market’ which is market ‘fish market’, meat meat market ‘, market meat market’, ‘vegetable market’, market fruit market ‘, market grain market’. For him, transferring a contract is a congregation of buyers and sellers.
But as a marketing student, it means a lot to us. In the broadest sense, this is purely in any area where buyers and sellers interact with each other, and through which the prices of goods become easily and quickly equalized.
Market classification traditional
Markets can be classified into various grounds with the most prevalent locations: area, time, transaction, control and volume of business, product and nature of competition, demand and supply conditions. This classification is a shot of the traditional physiological approach.
Dion Theoretically, a market was a physical place where buyers and sellers gathered to buy and sell products. Economists have described the market as collection buyers and sellers who trade on a particular product or product category.
A. By region:
Using regions, there may be local, regional, national and international markets. Local markets are mostly limited to pear and semi-pear products such as fish, flowers, vegetables, eggs, milk and others.
The regional market can be a district, a state, or an interstate in a wide area, including both customer and non-durable and industrial products, including sustainable products.
The area covered by the national market is the national border which produces durable and non-durable consumer goods, industrial products, metals, forest products, agricultural products.
In the case of global or international markets, the movement of goods globally makes it a single market. It should be noted that due to the latest technology in transportation, storage and packaging, even the most perishable products are sold worldwide, and not just sustainable.
B. Timely:
Duration is the factor. Accordingly, there may be short-term and long-term markets. Short-term markets are for all types of waste products, and long-term markets can be made or manufactured of different types of permanent products.
C. On Transaction:
Considering the nature of transactions, they can be ‘spot’ and ‘future’ markets. Once the transaction is in the ‘spot’ market, delivery is made, but in the case of the future market, payment is made to finalize the transaction and for a future date.
D. Based on control:
Keeping control, markets can be controlled and non-regulated. A ‘regulated market’ is one in which a business is transacted according to rules and regulations regarding price, price, change of source, etc.
They can be in agricultural products or manufacturing and securities. On the other hand, an unregistered market is a free market where there are no rules; Even if they are there, their exchange is adjusted to the needs of the party.
E. By business volume:
Accepting business volume as the basis, markets like “wholesale” and “retail” can be of two types. The wholesale market is characterized by a large amount of merchandise and wholesalers.
On the other hand, hand retail markets are small scale in terms of where they are bought and sold. Merchants are wholesalers who buy from wholesalers and sell them to customers.
F. Depending on the nature of the products:
Considering the nature of the product, the product market can be a capital market. ‘Deal with precious metals in favor of commodity markets, materials, manufacturing, manufactured products, and consumer and industrial and bullet markets.
The ‘capital’ market is a market for money. These markets can be divided into lending, and lending money to the de money market; The market for securities, or stock market, and the foreign exchange market where the stock and debentures are sold, where the foreign exchange market that buys and sells foreign currency can be hard or soft.
G. Depending on the nature of the competition:
There may be different types of markets for a product or service depending on the competition or competitive strength. However, only two are the most important, perfect and incomplete.
The ‘right’ market featured:
(A) Large number of buyers and sellers
(B) single minimum price spread for ‘homogeneous’ products
(C) True knowledge from buyers and sellers
(2) Free entry and exit of firms in the market. These types barely exist for the market.
The other is Fact incomplete, which is illustrated by the following:
(A) The products may be the same but not identical
(B) Different prices for one class of goods
(C) the existence of physical and mental impediments to the movement of goods
(D) Buyers and sellers do not have accurate knowledge of products and other dimensions
H. On the basis of demand and supply:
Depending on the demand and supply conditions or the buyer and seller’s hold, there may be seller and buyer markets. The seller’s market is one where sellers are in the driver’s seat and buyers are at the receiving end.
In other words, this is a situation where demand for products goes beyond supply. On the other hand, the buyer market is one where buyers are in a commanding position. That is, the supply exceeds the demand for the product.
Market Classification – Modern:
The modern classification is based on consumer orientation because in the modern economic system, consumers are the king-pin and a determining force.
Accordingly, marketing specialists have identified markets based on such broad-based classifications, such as consumer, business, global and non-profit and public markets.
Consumer Market:
These markets spend a great deal of time trying to establish a better brand image of larger consumer durable and non-durable products and services selling these items such as shoes, clothing, clothing, household items such as televisions, sound systems, washing machines, fans, on the one hand and tea, coffee, Tea Powder, Coffee Powder, Biscuits, Bread Spreads, Dental Cream, Personal Care Can Be Beauty-Aids, Rice, Wheat, Oats, Gourmet Mo Ix and on the other hand.
Much of the strength of the brand depends on the development of a superior product and packaging, ensuring its availability and supporting with attractive communication and reliable service. The image making process is really well organized as the customer market is changing its color over time.
Business Market:
It is a marketplace for buyers and sellers of business. Business shoppers buy products for the purpose of making or reselling products to others for a profit. Thus, business marketers need to effectively demonstrate how their products will help shoppers earn higher revenue or spend less.
Therefore, companies selling business products and services often face trained and well-known professional buyers who are skilled at evaluating competitive offers.
These markets trade in raw materials, fabricated parts, machinery, equipment, supplies and services that become part of the end products of the business customers. Advertising plays its proper role.
However, personal sales are in the upper hand. Product prices, quality and reputation of business suppliers have a significant role to play.
Global Markets:
Global markets are comprised of buyers and sellers around the world. Companies that sell products and services in the global market play global gains involved in decisions and challenges.
- In order to be successful, they must decide which country to enter?
- How to enter each country?
- That is, as an exporter, joint venture license partner, contract maker or sole manufacturer, how to adapt their product and source properties to each country?
- How to price their products in different countries?
- And how can their communications be separated from the cultures of different countries?
These decisions should be made in the face of different requirements for the purchase, negotiation, ownership, and disposal of property under different cultures, languages and legal and political systems; And forex has its own effects subject to fluctuations. Needless to say, both this product and the consumer and the industry or business services.
Non-profit and public markets:
Companies sell their products and services to nonprofit organizations such as temples, churches, universities, charities and government departments at the local, state and central levels. Companies that market their products and services need to consider the price aspect as these buyers’ purchasing power is limited.
Again, low prices adversely affect the quality and features of the product and service if such an attempt is made to design an offer.
Therefore, these buyers buy through bidding where the lowest bid is taken as there is no alternative. They also require longer periods of longer hours.
CLASSIFIED MARKETING 